Document. German Pacifists ~ 1 and 1/2 page article in America concerning the debate about Catholic pacifism in Germany. ~ Zahn briefly comments on the history of the pacifist movement in Germany, and then addresses the controversy in Germany that ensued after the Christmas Message from the Pope in 1956 that advocated war in the situation of self-defense, saying it could not be considered unlawful. Zahn explains both the radical and moderate pacifist positions and claims that the controversy obscures a serious theological question concerning the inviolability of individual conscience. Zahn states that conscientious doubts should not be resolved by giving unquestioning obedience to church superiors. ~ America ~ 232-233