Arina Sergeevna Ginzburg (née Lavrova, also known as Irina Zholkovskaia, b. 1937- ) is a prominent dissident, human rights activist, journalist, and the second administrator of the Solzhenitsyn Fund (1977-1980). She was the wife of Aleksandr (Alik) Ilich Ginzburg (1936-2002), one of the central figures of the Soviet dissident and human rights movement from its inception. From 1960 to 1979, Aleksandr Ginzburg served over nine years in prisons and labor camps, spread over three terms of imprisonment, for his "anti-Soviet" activities.

Aleksandr Ginzburg was born in Moscow and raised by his mother, Liudmila Ilinichna Ginzburg (1908-1981). He studied journalism at Moscow State University when he gained fame among the Russian intelligentsia for launching the first uncensored samizdat poetry journal, Sintaksis (1959-1960). The three published issues of Sintaksis included works by contemporary Moscow and Leningrad poets. In 1960, while working on the journal's fourth issue, Ginzburg was arrested on fabricated charges and expelled from Moscow University. He was sentenced to a two-year camp term.

Ginzburg was arrested again in 1967 for his role in the samizdat publication of the Belaia Kniga/The White Book which documented the 1966 political show trial of the Russian writers Andrei Sinyavsky and Iulii Daniel, who published their works in the West without Soviet authorization. Ginzburg and his three "accomplices" (Vera Lashkova, Iurii Galanskov, and Aleksei Dobrovolskii) were charged with anti-Soviet propaganda and agitation. Ginzburg was sentenced to five years in prison camp, which he served first in the Mordovia camps and then in the strict-regime Vladimir Prison. At the time of Ginzburg's second arrest, Arina Zholkovskaia was his fiancée. She worked as a teacher of Russian language and literature at Moscow State University, a job from which she was expelled in 1968. Aleksandr and Arina married in August 1969 in a labor camp in Mordovia.

After his release in 1972, Ginzburg settled in Tarusa, where he later became the first executor of the Solzhenitsyn Public Fund (1974-1977), at the request of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. The Fund was created by the Nobel Prize novelist to help Soviet political and religious prisoners and their families. Ginzburg was also a founding member of the Moscow Helsinki Group (1976), which monitored and reported on human rights violations in the Soviet Union. Because of this work, Ginzburg was arrested again in 1977. He was sentenced to eight years in prison. In April of 1979 he, along with three other political prisoners, was stripped of his Soviet citizenship and exchanged in New York for two convicted Soviet spies. During Aleksandr Ginzburg's third arrest and imprisonment, Arina Ginzburg took up the administration of the Solzhenitsyn Fund and continued this work until her emigration to the West in January of 1980.

After a brief stay in the United States, primarily with the Solzhenitsyn family in Vermont, Arina and Aleksandr Ginzburg along with their two children, Aleksandr Jr (b. 1972) and Aleksei (b. 1975) moved to Paris. During the 1980s and 1990s, Aleksandr Ginzburg frequently lectured on human rights and served as an international representative of the AFL-CIO (1980-1985). He also headed the Russian Cultural Center in Montgeron (1982-1988) and worked as a journalist for Russkaia Mysl / La Pensée Russe, the leading Russian émigré paper in Paris. Arina Ginzburg worked as an associate editor for Russkaia Mysl until her and Aleksandr Ginzburg's dismissal in 1997. During the 1980s and 1990s she also worked as a contributing journalist for the Russian Service of the Voice of America.

Aleksandr Ginzburg died in Paris in July 2002.