Essay. Behavior modification is a normal and inescapable effect of living in a society. The process of socialization involves social control through the application of positive and negative sanctions in the hopes of inducing an individual to engage in behavior expected and supported by societal norms. While socialization works for the "good" of the individual and the "good" of the society, advances in the "science" of behavior modification have raised moral and philosophical questions. The use of behavior modification can often become the abuse of behavior modification. Behavior modification can benefit both the individual and society when used to enhance the rationality and responsibility of the recepient. Behavior modification is just one area where scientists must be wary of the concept of "value free science." Without imposing some value system as to the application of scientific knowledge and techniques, science can become the slave to any cause. But whose values? Central to the great world religions is the value of "respect for life." Respect for life must be used in place of "value free science."