Sinclair mentions that he is frustrated with Haldeman Julius, an American publisher and editor who purchased the socialist newspaper Appeal to Reason. Sinclair is perturbed that Julius's correspondence makes it "perfectly plain that he has not read what I have written." Appeal to Reason published The Jungle in serialized form in 1905. Julius would eventually retire the newspaper and focus on production of the Little Blue Books series, inexpensive volumes geared to instructing working- and middle-class readers in literature, economics, politics, and culture.