Since McMaster expressed a desire to hear from Miller often, he is resuming their correspondence which was broken off by his attempt to find a Northern statesman able to appreciate the spiritual as well as the temporal symptoms of the South. But under philanthropic sympathy for the Negro he discovered not only avarice and ambition, but also hatred in the spiritual, temporal, political, and religious matters, guaranteed in the Constitution of the United States. James Madison and Edward Livingston both held that the right of private judgment was reserved by the states in their character of sovereignty in certain extreme cases, it being an inalienable prerogative essential to their existence as states. Miller gives reference to the writings of Madison and Livingston. The South assumed the risk of all the penalties attached to an unsuccessful resistence to established authority by Miller quote Livingston in the spiritual, temporal, political, and religious matters, guaranteed in the Constitution of the United States. James Madison and Edward Livingston both held that the right of private judgment was reserved by the states in their character of sovereignty in certain extreme cases, it being an inalienable prerogative essential to their existence as states. Miller gives references to the writings of Madison and Livingston. The South assumed the risk of all the penalties attached to an unsuccessful resistence to establish authority by Miller quotes Livingston asserting "the natural right which every people have to resist extreme oppression." Regarding these risks and penalties, Miller finds that President Lincoln Miller quotes a letter of Secretary Seward's admits that the Federal Government cannot reduce the seceding states to obedience by conquest, and so coerce them. Nor Miller quotes another of Seward's letters can slavery be abolished under the Constitution. While this was being said the South was duped into the belief that no attempt at coercion would be made. Miller refers to Judge _____ Campbell's letter as evidence. The South was invited by semi-official sources to assume the risk of secession and had a right to infer that Abolitionist and even Democratic sympathies would favor it. Greeley, Gerrit Smith, Horatio Seymour, and Lyman Tremaine all bear evidence of this fact. If the South could have foreseen the events of the past two years it would have seceded in any case, for in extreme cases collective as well as individual character must be defended at all hazards, and the right to judge the extremity of the case is not delegated. The North is the aggressor in the war, as Judge Campbell's letter proves, and all Christiandom sustains the justice of the Northern cause and hopes for the success of the North in its"Holy War," but Miller does not see how Abolitionists and Democrat s can support the war, or how Catholics can sanction it. He sees only two alternatives, separation with recognition and reconstruction on the one hand, and a counter-revolution in the North on the other. :: I-1-n A.L.S. 4pp. 12mo.