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Directives from the commissioners at Ghent.

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At the time of writing Sumter (1768-1840) was U.S. minister to Portugal. He writes to introduce General Manuel Belgrano and Don Bernadino de Rivadavia, leaders in the fight for Argentine independence.

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Notes the arrival of Neptune to return Crawford to America.

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An update on the health of former Ghent commissioner James A. Bayard of Delaware (1767-1815), who had travelled with Crawford on Neptune. Bayard died on 6 August.

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At the time of writing Dr. Henry Jackson was serving as U.S. chargé d'affaires at Paris, following Crawford's departure. This is a cover letter for diplomatic papers, and an unofficial request to be replaced.

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Ingraham seeks Crawford's support, as Secretary of War, in affirming his appointment as consul general of the U.S. for the Western District of England.

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At the time of writing David R. Williams (1776-1830) was governor of South Carolina. The letter's political content mostly concerns the South Carolina militia.

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Finley (1772-1817) writes regarding his appointment as president of the University of Georgia, and the proposed salary.

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In French. Vail replies to Crawford with particulars of his school in Baltimore.

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Retained draft of instructions on negotiations with Native Americans in Indian Territory.

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George M. Bibb (1776-1859) was a former U.S. senator from Kentucky who at the time of writing was working as a lawyer in Frankfort. He writes to lobby for Robert Trimble's appointment as federal judge for the Kentucky District.

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At the time of writing Peter Early (1773-1817) was serving in the Georgia state senate. He informs Crawford of local support for various applicants for the position of federal agent to the Creek Nation, among other political matters.

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At the time of writing Jared Mansfield (1759-1830) was professor of mathematics and experimental philosophy at West Point. From 1803 to 1812 he served as Surveyor General of the United States. These three letters constitute an extended report to Crawford on circumstances at the U.S. Military Academy. They are especially critical of academy superintendent Capt. Alden Partridge.

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At the time of writing Thomas Worthington (1773-1827) was the Republican governor of Ohio. He writes of his support for Crawford and of circumstances surrounding the Republican congessional nominating caucus of the previous year.

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A long-winded request by Tatham (1752-1819) for employment in the Treasury Department (granted when he was appointed military storekeeper at the U.S. Arsenal near Richmond).

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Thomas Appleton (1763-1840) was U.S. consul at Leghorn (Livorno) in Tuscany from 1798 until his death in 1840. In these letters he seeks Crawford's aid in obtaining financial considerations from the government, and emphasizes the benefits for the U.S. of trading for goods through his port. The letters are dated March 5, May 1, and August 1.

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Local and national political scuttlebutt, from the Republican mayor of Savannah, Georgia, Thomas Charlton (1779-1835).

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Col. Cumming (1788-1863), an Augusta planter and veterean of the war of 1812, respectfully declines an unspecified appointment.

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Charles Tait (1768-1835) was a longtime political ally of Crawford's, and at the time of writing U.S. senator from Georgia. In response to a letter from Crawford, Tait comments on the reduction of the national debt, the Florida question, the position of Secretary of War, land in Alabama, and other matters.

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The chargé d'affaires at Paris submits his accounts for payment.

Scope and Contents Elias Cornelius (1794-1832) was a graduate of Yale Divinity School and an agent for the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. Having spent ample time among the "four Southern Tribes" (Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw) in Tennessee and elsewhere, Cornelius argues that their removal from their present lands would be detrimental to their continued "civilization" (i.e., their conversion to Christianity and general acculturation to white ways). He also seeks to disprove...

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George Blake (1769-1841) was at the time of writing U.S. district attorney of Massachusetts. The letter concerns the Buenos Ayrean privateer Congresso.

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John Forsythe (1780-1841) was a U.S. representative and senator from Georgia who later served as Secretary of State under Jackson and Van Buren. At the time of writing he was U.S. minister to Spain. Forsyth describes the difficulties of his position pending Spanish ratification of the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819.

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William Wyatt Bibb (1781-1820) was a medical doctor who served as a U.S. representative and senator from Georgia, filling the vacancy created by Crawford's resignation in 1813. At the time of writing he was governor of Alabama, the first in the state's history. Bibb writes Crawford about land speculation, his electon as governor, Andrew Jackson, and other political matters.

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Lee writes of difficulties with a dismissed clerk.

Scope and Contents This cover letter and its four enclosures, directed to Crawford allies Cobb and Upson, relate to a disagreement between Crawford and Secretary of War John C. Calhoun over the appointment of Gen. Thomas Flournoy as commissioner to the Creek Indians in 1820. Both Crawford and Calhoun denied ultimate responsibility for the appointment. To make his point, possibly for publication, Crawford assembled: 1) a copy of a letter of December 1820 from Gen. David Adams to Georgia governor John Clark,...

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A brief reply to Crawford's of the 13th, in which Calhoun says that "my recollection of the facts [of the Flournoy affair] remains unchanged."